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Osteoarthritis - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, affecting millions of people worldwide. It happens when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones wears down over time. Although osteoarthritis can damage any joint, the condition most commonly affects joints in the hands, knees, hips and spine. Osteoarthritis symptoms can usually be managed, although the damage to joints ...

Osteoarthritis: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment | Arthritis Foundation
Osteoarthritis can degrade cartilage, change bone shape and cause inflammation, resulting in pain, stiffness and loss of mobility. OA can affect any joint, but typically affects hands, knees, hips, lower back and neck.

Osteoarthritis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment
Osteoarthritis is joint pain that comes with wear and tear. Understand the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments for osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment
Osteoarthritis happens when the cartilage lining inside your joints wears away and your bones rub together. Learn what can cause it and how to manage symptoms.

Osteoarthritis - Wikipedia
Osteoarthritis is a type of degenerative joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone. [5][6] A form of arthritis, it is believed to be the fourth leading cause of disability in the world, with an estimated 240 million people worldwide having activity-limiting osteoarthritis. [7][8] The most common symptoms ...

Osteoarthritis - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic
Learn more about the diagnosis and treatment of Osteoarthritis. Find tips to get ready for any appointments you need.

Osteoarthritis | Arthritis | CDC
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis. It causes joint pain, stiffness, and swelling—usually in the hands, hips, back, or knees. There is no cure for OA, but you can effectively manage it.

Osteoarthritis: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More - Healthline
Osteoarthritis is a complex condition with a broad range of risk factors. Learn more about osteoarthritis symptoms, types, stages, treatments, and more.

Osteoarthritis Symptoms, Causes & Risk Factors | NIAMS
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. Tissues in the joint break down over time. Learn the symptoms & causes & if you might be at risk.

The 4 Stages of Osteoarthritis From Early to Severe
Learn about the progression of osteoarthritis in its four stages and how different treatments can help manage symptoms at each step.

* Rheumatology101 LATEST NEWS *

*Filter: "Osteoarthritis"

What doctors want patients to know about osteoarthritis  American Medical Association | AMA
Mercy Medical Center doctor explains osteoarthritis diagnosis and treatment  WBAL-TV
One step closer to reversing osteoarthritis  UCLA Health
Colorado doctors perform first ‘game-changing’ thumb arthritis surgery in the western U.S.  UCHealth
What doctors want patients to know about rheumatoid arthritis  American Medical Association | AMA
New Option for Joint Pain Relief: Low Dose Radiation Therapy  Hackensack Meridian Health
Study Reveals How Small Changes in Walking Technique May Help Treat Knee Osteoarthritis  NYU Langone Health
Why Women Are at Higher Risk for Getting Arthritis  HSS | Hospital for Special Surgery
Inhibiting a master regulator of aging regenerates joint cartilage in mice  Stanford Medicine
Relief for Your Achy Feet: How to Ease the Pain of Osteoarthritis in the Foot and Ankle  Riverside Health
Chris’s Osteoarthritis Patient Story  Mass General Brigham
Case Study: 95-Year-Old Patient Gains Relief from Osteoarthritis Pain with Low-Dose Radiation Therapy  Cleveland Clinic
Rheumatoid Arthritis: Treatment Advances Reduce Pain, Slow Progression  Yale Medicine
Treating OA Is a Journey  Arthritis Foundation
Minimally Invasive Procedure Relieves Painful Symptoms of Knee Osteoarthritis  NYU Langone Health

Common Rheumatological Symptoms

Joint Pain (Arthralgia) — Persistent discomfort or soreness in one or more joints caused by inflammation, wear and tear, or underlying autoimmune responses.
Morning Stiffness — Reduced joint mobility and tightness upon waking, often lasting over 30 to 60 minutes in inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
Joint Swelling and Edema — Visible enlargement of affected joints resulting from fluid accumulation in the synovial membrane and inflamed surrounding tissue.
Localized Warmth and Redness — Elevated temperature and erythema skin discoloration surrounding inflamed joints due to increased blood flow from localized inflammation.
Systemic Fatigue — Overwhelming exhaustion and lack of energy caused by ongoing chronic inflammatory cytokine activity throughout the body.
Raynaud's Phenomenon — Temporary color changes in fingers or toes turning white, blue, and red in response to cold or stress due to vascular spasms.
Malar or Butterfly Rash — Red or purplish facial rash spanning across the bridge of the nose and cheeks, classically associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Milestones in Rheumatology History

c. 400 BC: Hippocratic Corpus Coining — Hippocrates uses the term "rheuma" to describe body humors flowing into joints, establishing the early classical concept of joint inflammation.
1592: Formal Definition of Rheumatism — French physician Guillaume de Baillou introduces the modern term "rheumatism" to distinguish systemic acute arthritis from localized gout.
1800: Clinical Description of Rheumatoid Arthritis — Augustin Jacob Landré-Beauvais publishes the first detailed clinical description separating rheumatoid arthritis from gout, calling it "asthenic gout."
1859: Naming of Rheumatoid Arthritis — Sir Alfred Baring Garrod formally coins the term "rheumatoid arthritis" to clearly differentiate the inflammatory autoimmune condition from osteoarthritis and gout.
1940: Discovery of the Rheumatoid Factor — Erik Waaler discovers autoantibodies in the blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, laying the groundwork for serological autoimmune diagnostics.
1948: Introduction of Corticosteroid Therapy — Philip Hench and Edward Kendall demonstrate the dramatic anti-inflammatory effects of Compound E (cortisone) in treating rheumatoid arthritis, earning the Nobel Prize.
1998: Emergence of Biologic DMARDs — The FDA approves the first TNF-alpha inhibitors, ushering in the modern era of targeted biologic therapies for autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

Current Trends in Rheumatology Research

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Reset Therapy — Investigating engineered cellular therapies to achieve drug-free, durable clinical remissions by completely depleting pathogenic autoantibodies in severe refractory lupus and systemic sclerosis.
Selective TYK2 and Oral JAK Pathway Inhibition — Developing highly targeted, small-molecule oral inhibitors like deucravacitinib that disrupt specific cytokine signaling pathways while minimizing broader off-target side effects.
Targeted Pathogenic T-Cell and B-Cell Depletion — Evaluating novel biologics, such as rosnilimab and ianalumab, designed to selectively deplete overactive immune cell subpopulations involved in rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's disease.
Biomarker-Driven Precision Medicine — Utilizing pharmacogenomics and molecular biomarkers to predict individualized therapeutic responses and match systemic autoimmune conditions to specific biological mechanisms.
Subclinical Interception and Disease Prevention — Identifying seropositive individuals early using high-risk autoantibody profiles to initiate preventive targeted therapies before irreversible joint damage occurs.
Artificial Intelligence and Predictive Disease Modeling — Deploying machine learning algorithms across electronic health records and imaging modalities to forecast inflammatory flares and refine diagnostic accuracy.